Session Keys

Session keys provide a gasless experience by handling transaction costs automatically.

What is a Session Key?

A session key is a temporary, ephemeral key that:

• Pays for transaction gas

• Executes delegated transactions

• Is separate from your main account

• Is invalidated when you disconnect

Why Session Keys?

Traditional Wallet Experience

1. User initiates transaction

2. User pays gas in native token

3. User signs transaction

4. Transaction submitted

Pragma Session Key Experience

1. User initiates transaction

2. Session key pays gas automatically

3. User signs delegation (one-time)

4. Session key submits transaction

Result: Feels gasless to the user!

How It Works

Your Smart Account                     Session Key
├── Holds: 100 MON, 50 USDC           ├── Holds: ~0.5 MON (for gas)
├── Owner: Your Web3Auth key          ├── Private key: In-browser only
└── Grants delegation to ─────────────→  └── Executes transactions

Funding

Automatic Funding

Session keys are automatically funded when needed:

Trigger	Amount
Initial setup	~0.5 MON
Balance below 0.1 MON	Refill to ~0.5 MON
Large operation	Additional based on estimate

Funding happens automatically before each operation - you don't need to manage this manually.

Gas Costs

Different operations use different amounts of gas:

Operation	Estimated Gas Cost
Swap	~0.14 MON
Stake	~0.07 MON
Unstake	~0.075 MON
Transfer	~0.04 MON
Wrap/Unwrap	~0.04 MON
NFT Buy	~0.12 MON

Checking Balance

Via Chat

What's my session key balance?

Response Example

Session Key Balance: 0.45 MON

Address: 0xabcd...1234
Status: Active

This balance is used for gas.
Auto-refills when below 0.1 MON.

Low Balance Warning

⚠️ Session Key Balance: 0.05 MON (LOW)

Will auto-fund on next operation.

Funding Methods

Pragma uses two funding methods depending on the situation:

UserOp Funding (Initial)

• Used when session key has < 0.02 MON

• Submitted via bundler

• No gas needed from session key

Delegation Funding (Refill)

• Used when session key has >= 0.02 MON

• Session key pays for its own refill

• More gas efficient for refills

Security

Isolation

Session keys are isolated from your main account:

• Can only execute delegated actions

• Cannot access undelegated funds

• Cannot change account settings

Session Lifecycle

• Created when you connect

• Valid for the duration of your session

• Invalidated when you disconnect or clear browser data

What If Compromised?

If your session key is compromised:

1. It can only use its own balance (~0.5 MON max)

2. It can only execute valid delegations

3. Delegations expire in 5 minutes

4. Disconnect to immediately invalidate the session key

Technical Details

Key Generation

const sessionKey = generatePrivateKey();
const sessionAddress = privateKeyToAddress(sessionKey);

Storage

• Private key stored in browser localStorage

• Encrypted with Web3Auth session

• Cleared on logout

Address

• Standard Ethereum address (EOA)

• Separate from smart account

• Visible in settings

Best Practices

1. Let it auto-fund: The system handles funding automatically

2. Don't worry about it: ~0.5 MON is automatically maintained

3. Monitor if curious: Check balance occasionally via "What's my session key balance?"

4. Disconnect if concerned: When in doubt, disconnect to invalidate the session key

Common Questions

"Why does my session key need MON?"

Gas on Monad is paid in MON. The session key needs MON to submit transactions.

"What if my session key runs out?"

It auto-refills from your smart account when below 0.1 MON.

"Can I use my smart account MON for gas directly?"

No, gas must be paid by the transaction sender (session key). This is how EVM works.

"Is my session key MON lost?"

No, the MON in your session key remains available. When you disconnect, any remaining balance is handled by the system.

"What happens on logout?"

The session key is invalidated. A new session key is created when you reconnect.